Perkembangan Biji dan Mutu Benih Beberapa Genotipe Kedelai yang Diberi Pupuk P

Yusmar M ' ', Aslim Rasyad ', Yetti Elfina '

Abstract


The objective of this study was to determine the impact of phosphorous (P) fertilizer on soybean seed dry weight and
seed quality during seed development. Four genotypes of soybean ie; G1=Willis, G2=Malabar, G3=KM-19 BE, and
G4=Kipas Putih were planted in an experiment arranged in a completely randomized block design consisting of three
rates of P fertilizer including P0=0 kg P2O5/ha, P1=25 kg P2O5/ha, P2=50 kg P2O5/ha were applied to every genotype.
Beginning 20 days after flowering, fresh weight and dry weight of the seed were collected every five days while seed
quality components were observed every teen days from each plot. Fresh and dry weight were plotted to the graphs and
analysis of variance were performed to seed quality. The results showed that the seed development was slow until 20 days
after flowering (DAF) but both tend to steadily increase then until around 40 DAF and then started to levelling off until
50 DAF. Seed viability and seed vigor remained low until 30 HSP and achieved reached maximum values at around 40
to 50 DAF. Applying P fertilizer at a rate of 50 kg P2O5 per ha accelerated grain filling and increased the germination rate
of the seed harvested at beginning 20 DAF to 40 DAF on every genotype. This result implied that genotypes responded
differently to fertilizer P as indicated by differences in seed weight and seed quality during seed development.


Keywords : seed development, viability, vigor, soybean


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