Pengaruh Biokaolin dan Ekstrak Tembakau terhadap Hama Helopeltis antonii Sign. pada Buah Kakao (Theobroma cacao L.)

Abstract

Helopeltis antonii Sign. is one of pests deteriorating cocoa crop. Synthetic insecticides are still the main choice for controlling this particular pest. However, there are some negative impacts of using synthetic insecticides, leading to the urgency for alternative control which is environmentally friendly. Tobacco extracts and Beauveria bassiana Vuill are natural substance that can be used as insecticide. B. bassiana can be compounded with kaolin as carrier material, thus termed biokaolin. This study aimed at determining the effect of biokaolin and the extracts of tobacco and the best treatment for controlling H. antonii. The experiment was conducted from December 2015 to June 2016 at the Laboratory of Plant Pest, The Faculty of Agriculture, Jember University. The experimental design applied a completely randomized design (CRD), involving 8 treatments and three replications, where the treatment consisted of several controls using water (A), synthetic insecticides (B), 5% concentration of tobacco extracts (C), 10% concentration of tobacco extracts (D), 15% concentration of tobacco extracts (E), 0.1 g biokaolin of B. bassiana + 0.1 g kaolin (F), 0.2 g biokaolin of B. bassiana + 0.2 g kaolin (G), and 0.4 g biokaolin of B. bassiana + 0.4 g kaolin (H). Analysis of data using analysis of variance followed by Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) 5%. The results showed that the greatest mortality shown by tobacco extracts with varying concentrations of up to 100% was not significantly different with synthetic insecticides on the observation of 12 days after application. On the parameter number of punctures, synthetic insecticide treatment is best, followed tobacco extracts 15% by number of punctures at 35.67 which is significantly different from other treatments.