Uji Beberapa Konsentrasi Ekstrak Biji Bintaro (Cerbera Manghas L.) Dalam Mengendalikan Hama Ulat Bawang Merah (Spodoptera Exigua Hubner)

Abstract

Shallots (Allium ascalonicum Linn.) are one of the most popular horticultural commodity plants, so they are widely consumed as cooking spices and as ingredients for traditional medicines. The main problem in onion cultivation is the attack of Plant Pest Organisms. The most important pest is the pest Spodoptera exigua Hubner. S. exigua attacks can cause yield loss of up to 100% if not controlled. The use of botanical pesticides extracts from bintaro seeds (Cerbera manghas L.) is a solution for controlling S. exigua. The aim of this study was to obtain an effective concentration of bintaro (Cerbera mangos L.) seed extract to control the shallot caterpillar (Spodoptera exigua Hubner). The study was conducted experimentally using a non-factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of 6 treatment concentrations, with 4 replications in order to obtain 24 experimental units. The treatment given was the administration of a concentration of bintaro seed extract with a concentration of 0 g.l^-1 water, 20 g.l^-1 water, 40 g.l^-1 water, 60 g.l^-1 water, 80 g.l^-1 water, and 100 g.l^-1 water. Observation parameters consisted of initial time of death, lethal time 50, total mortality, temperature and humidity. Data on initial mortality, total mortality, and lethal time 50 were statistically analyzed using variance. The results of the variance were further tested with the honest significant difference test (BNJ) at the 5% level. The results showed that the administration of bintaro seed extract with a concentration of 80 g.l^-1 water was an effective concentration for controlling leek caterpillars because this concentration was able to cause a total mortality of 80,00% with an initial time of death of 17,75 hours after application and LT50 at 42,50 hours after application.