Agronomic Character Performance and Similarity Analysis of 16 Tomato Genotypes (Solanum Lycopersicum L.) in Lowland

Abstract

This research aims to assess the agronomic performance of 16 tomato genotypes and their relationship based on similarity among the tested genotypes in lowland areas. The study employed a randomized complete block design with 16 treatments and 3 replications, resulting in 48 experimental units. The treatments consisted of 16 tomato genotypes from the plant breeding laboratory of IPB University. The observed characters included both quantitative and qualitative traits. Quantitative data were statistically analyzed using analysis of variance and further subjected to Duncan's multiple range test at a 5% significance level. Qualitative data were analyzed using similarity analysis, namely principal component analysis and clustering. The results of the analysis of quantitative characters revealed that SG15 exhibited superiority in fruit weight per plant compared to other genotypes, while SG2 excelled in fruit weight per plant compared to others, and SG16 demonstrated excellence in the number of fruits per plant. The analysis of qualitative characters showed that grouping the 16 tomato genotypes based on the clustering of principal components 1 and 2, with a dendrogram cutting at 80% similarity level, resulted in 3 groups influenced by the characters composing the principal components. The closest similarity among the 16 tested genotypes based on observed qualitative traits was found between SG8 and SG9, with a Euclidean distance of 0,0, while the farthest similarity was observed between SG1 and SG16, with the largest Euclidean distance of 301,0.